Rafael Toral, born in Lisbon in 1967, is a Portuguese musician and sound engineer who has performed since 1984. Self-taught and focused on exploration rather than formal study, he first became known for dense, beautiful ambient records made with electric guitar and feedback, among them Sound Mind Sound Body and Wave Field, close in spirit to Brian Eno and My Bloody Valentine. In 2004 he broke with that language and began the Space Program, playing unstable, gestural electronic instruments of his own design with the phrasing of a jazz musician, silence and risk built into every gesture.

Rafael Toral, born in Lisbon in 1967, is a Portuguese musician and sound engineer who has performed since 1984. Self-taught and focused on exploration rather than formal study, he first became known for dense, beautiful ambient records made with electric guitar and feedback, among them Sound Mind Sound Body and Wave Field, close in spirit to Brian Eno and My Bloody Valentine. In 2004 he broke with that language and began the Space Program, playing unstable, gestural electronic instruments of his own design with the phrasing of a jazz musician, silence and risk built into every gesture.